The best free file recovery software

File recovery can be an expensive business, which is why it’s no substitute for backing up your key documents, photos and other data on a regular basis. But that’s of little comfort to anyone – even those with good backup regimens – who suddenly find themselves confronted by the stomach-churning feeling of data loss.

Whether it’s a virus infection, a hardware failure, or just human error, it’s all too easy to lose vital files. As soon as you’ve become aware of data loss, it’s critical you stop using the drive affected immediately. Whether the drive itself is failing or you’ve simply deleted a file accidentally, this is the golden moment when you may be able to get your data back before it’s gone for good.

We’ve cherry-picked five of the best free data recovery tools in the business. Just pick the one closest to your requirements and with a bit of luck (and no small measure of help from the app involved), you could yet save your files.

1. Recuva

With a simple wizard and advanced recovery scans, Recuva is the tool you need in an emergency

Recuva makes things as easy and stress-free as possible. It opens by default to a file recovery wizard, which advanced users can subsequently skip: from here, choose the type of file you’re trying to recover (picture, documents, compressed, emails and all files are among those on offer) and it’ll focus its search accordingly.

You can target your search to a specific location or search all your drives, and you can opt to choose a quick or deep scan. The latter takes much longer, but flushes out more results. Then click ‘Start’ and wait for the scan to complete.

Once done, your results are presented, with each recovered file given a rating depending on its condition. You can recover files direct from here or switch to Advanced Mode for a frankly better view, offering file preview, information and a peek at the file’s header.

Download here: Recuva

2. DMDE Free Edition

Recover deleted files and resurrect data from dead hard drives with DMDE’s free toolkit

Our second favourite free file recovery tool is often overlooked. DMDE Free Edition scores major points because it’s capable of recovering data from a wide array of drives, including 2TB+ drives rescued from a fried external drive enclosure with proprietary formatting (it’s a long story).

DMDE may not be the simplest tool to use, but it’s one of the most effective, and our step-by-step file recovery guide will help you with the basics.

DMDE works by letting you select a drive and then identifies all mountable partitions, with the most obvious choices highlighted. If successful, you’re then shown a File Explorer-like view to browse the drive and recover what data you need from it.

There are restrictions on the way you can recover data from the free version, but there’s no limit to how much you recover. If you want a simpler and faster recovery process, just upgrade to the Express or Standard edition.

Download here: DMDE Free Edition

3. PhotoRec

Photorec can recover files from any storage media, with support for hundreds of file formats

Don’t be fooled by the name – PhotoRec recovers far more than just photos. It works with a wide range of file systems and media, from hard drives to CD/DVD, USB flash drives and memory cards, and there are builds for Mac and Linux, giving you flexibility to recover data from a different computer if necessary.

It also has deep knowledge of over 200 file formats, which helps with reconstructing lost files, and comes packaged with TestDisk, which can be used to recover partitions.

The main complication is the user interface – it’s a command line affair, with no mouse support. At first glance this appears complicated, but the program steps you through the process via a series of menu screens, and because it mounts the target drive in read-only mode, there’s no danger of data being lost if you take a wrong turn – you can’t write data to the drive you’re recovering from, for example.

Download here: PhotoRec

4. MiniTool Partition Recovery Free

Lost a whole partition? MiniTool’s excellent recovery software can save the day

One of the most frightening data loss experiences is when an entire drive or partition goes missing. Often this can be traced to an accidentally deleted partition or one where the partition header has corrupted. If the issue is this simple, getting the partition back can be done quickly and easily without leaving Windows using MiniTool Partition Recovery Free.

Just fire it up, select the drive containing your lost partition, then choose whether to scan the entire disk or just a portion of it (say the part where your missing partition should be). Choose between full and quick scans, then sit back and let the program do its work.

Don’t panic if it appears to become non-responsive, just be patient and eventually it’ll list all detected partitions on the drive. Select all of them – including your missing partition – and click ‘Finish’ to restore it.

You can also double-click a partition to view its file contents – perfect for verifying it’s the one you’re after.

Download here: Minitool Partition Recovery Free

5. Paragon Rescue Kit Free Edition

Can’t boot into Windows? All is not lost with the excellent Paragon Rescue Kit

All of the recovery tools we’ve covered so far assume you’re able to boot into Windows to use them. But what happens if Windows won’t boot at all? This is where Paragon Rescue Kit Free Edition comes into play.

The best time to install it is now while your PC is running, otherwise you’ll need to do so on a working Windows PC. Once done, you’ll need a blank CD/DVD or flash drive (512MB or larger – if you’re planning to recover data to this drive, go for the biggest drive you can) – the setup wizard does the hard work.

Now insert the disc or flash media into your non-booting PC and restart, selecting said media from the boot menu. You’ll find yourself at a menu offering a multitude of options from recovering lost partitions, fixing boot issues and – crucially – a file-transfer wizard for getting data off a target drive. If all else fails, this could be a lifesaver.

Download here: Paragon Rescue Kit Free Edition

See all the free file recovery software available to download on TechRadar